Menopause is a natural part of ageing, marking the end of a woman’s reproductive years. It typically occurs between the ages of 45 and 55, although some women may experience it earlier (known as early or premature menopause). While menopause is a normal biological process, the symptoms can be distressing and have a significant impact on quality of life.
At Niva Medical Clinic, we understand that each woman’s experience of menopause is different. That’s why we offer individualised, evidence-based support – from lifestyle and non-hormonal approaches to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) – to help you feel like yourself again.
Recognising Menopause and Perimenopause Symptoms
Perimenopause is the transition phase leading up to menopause, where hormone levels begin to fluctuate. Symptoms can start several years before your periods stop and may last for years after. Some of the most common symptoms include:
-
Hot flushes and night sweats
-
Mood swings, anxiety or low mood
-
Fatigue and difficulty sleeping
-
Brain fog or memory issues
-
Vaginal dryness or discomfort
-
Low libido
-
Palpitations
-
Aches and joint pains
-
Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs)
These symptoms are caused by a decline in oestrogen and other hormones. They can range from mild to severe and may interfere with work, relationships, and overall wellbeing. (NHS – Menopause)
Hormonal Treatment Options (HRT)
Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) is considered the most effective treatment for menopausal symptoms. It works by replacing the hormones your body is no longer producing, primarily oestrogen, and for women with a womb, progestogen as well.
Types of HRT
-
Combined HRT (oestrogen + progestogen): for women who still have a uterus.
-
Oestrogen-only HRT: for those who have had a hysterectomy.
-
Local oestrogen (vaginal creams, rings, or pessaries): for vaginal dryness and discomfort.
Benefits of HRT
-
Relief from hot flushes, mood changes, and night sweats
-
Improved sleep, concentration, and energy levels
-
Reduction in the risk of osteoporosis and bone fractures
-
Improved vaginal health and sexual wellbeing
Risks of HRT
-
A slight increase in the risk of breast cancer with long-term combined HRT
-
Small increased risk of blood clots and stroke (especially with oral forms)
-
Irregular bleeding or spotting in the first few months
Transdermal HRT (patches or gels) may carry fewer risks compared to tablets and is often preferred. For most women under 60 or within 10 years of menopause, the benefits outweigh the risks. (NICE Guidance NG23)
Non-Hormonal and Alternative Treatments
Not all women can take HRT – for example, those with a history of certain cancers or blood clots. Others may simply prefer non-hormonal options.
Prescription Treatments
-
SSRIs or SNRIs (e.g. venlafaxine, fluoxetine): may ease hot flushes and low mood
-
Gabapentin or clonidine: alternatives for hot flushes and sleep problems
Note: These medications are not licensed for menopause in the UK but may be prescribed off-label where appropriate. (British Menopause Society)
Vaginal Oestrogen
Low-dose vaginal oestrogen is safe and effective for local symptoms such as dryness, soreness, or painful sex. It can be used long-term and is not associated with the risks of systemic HRT.
Lifestyle and Complementary Approaches
In many cases, lifestyle changes can ease symptoms and support general wellbeing.
Lifestyle Tips
-
Eat a healthy, balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
-
Exercise regularly to boost mood, protect heart and bone health
-
Reduce alcohol and caffeine to minimise flushes and aid sleep
-
Stop smoking to lower the risk of early menopause and related complications
-
Manage stress through mindfulness, CBT, yoga or breathing techniques
Complementary Therapies
Some women explore herbal remedies like black cohosh, soy isoflavones, or red clover, though scientific evidence is limited, and these may interact with other medications. Always consult a GP before starting any supplements.
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is endorsed by NICE for managing anxiety, low mood, and sleep issues during menopause.
Why Choose Niva Medical Clinic?
We believe women deserve time, empathy, and tailored advice when navigating menopause. At Niva Medical Clinic, we provide:
-
Same-day GP appointments and ongoing care
-
Thorough menopause assessments
-
Access to private prescriptions or referrals
-
Lifestyle and nutrition support
-
Continuity of care with the same trusted doctors
We help you understand your choices and develop a plan that works for your body, lifestyle, and preferences.
Helpful Resources
Ready to Talk?
If you’re struggling with menopausal symptoms or have questions about treatment options, book a confidential consultation with one of our expert GPs today.
